The Dutch took control 135 years after the Spanish, leaving the Arawaks to farm and graze livestock, and used the island as a source of meat for other Dutch possessions in the Caribbean. In 1667 the Dutch administration appointed an Irishman as "Commandeur" in Aruba. The island was included under the Dutch West India Company (W.I.C.) administration, as "New Netherland and Curaçao," from 1648 to 1664.
Stuyvesant was on a special mission in Aruba in November and December 1642. Since 1636, Aruba has been under Dutch administration, initially governed by Peter Stuyvesant, later appointed to New Amsterdam (New York City). The Dutch statutes have applied to Aruba since 1629. In 1528, Ampíes was replaced by a representative of the House of Welser. A cédula real decreed in November 1525 gave Ampíes, factor of Española, the right to repopulate Aruba. Arawaks spoke the "broken Spanish" which their ancestors had learned on Hispaniola Īnother governor appointed by Spain was Juan Martínez de Ampiés. In 1508, the Spanish Crown appointed Alonso de Ojeda as its first Governor of Aruba, as part of Nueva Andalucía. Simas, the Cacique or chief in Aruba, welcomed the first Catholic priests in Aruba, who gave him a wooden cross as a gift. Īruba was colonized by Spain for over a century. īecause it had low rainfall, Aruba was not considered profitable for the plantation system and the economics of the slave trade. Vespucci and Ojeda's tales spurred interest in Aruba, and Spaniards soon colonized the island. Vespucci returned to Spain with stocks of cotton and brazilwood from the island and described houses built into the ocean. Gold was not discovered on Aruba for another 300 years. Both described Aruba as an "island of giants", remarking on the comparatively large stature of the native Caquetíos compared to Europeans. As sea currents made canoe travel to other Caribbean islands difficult, Caquetio culture remained more closely associated with that of mainland South America.Įuropeans first learned of Aruba following the explorations for Spain by Amerigo Vespucci and Alonso de Ojeda in the summer of 1499. Fragments of the earliest known Indian settlements date back to 1000 AD. It lies outside Hurricane Alley.Īruba's first inhabitants are thought to have been Caquetíos Amerinds from the Arawak tribe, who migrated there from Venezuela to escape attacks by the Caribs. It has a land area of 179 km 2 (69.1 sq mi) and is densely populated, with a total of 102,484 inhabitants at the 2010 Census. This climate has helped tourism as visitors to the island can reliably expect warm, sunny weather. Unlike much of the Caribbean region, Aruba has a dry climate and an arid, cactus-strewn landscape. Aruba has no administrative subdivisions, but, for census purposes, is divided into eight regions. The citizens of these countries all share a single nationality: Dutch.
Collectively, Aruba and the other Dutch islands in the Caribbean are often called the Dutch Caribbean.Īruba is one of the four constituent countries that form the Kingdom of the Netherlands, along with the Netherlands, Curaçao and Sint Maarten. Together with Bonaire and Curaçao, Aruba forms a group referred to as the ABC islands. It measures 32 kilometres (20 mi) long from its northwestern to its southeastern end and 10 kilometres (6 mi) across at its widest point. Unitary parliamentary representative democracy under constitutional monarchyĪruba ( / ə ˈ r uː b ə/ ə- ROO-bə Dutch pronunciation: ) is an island country in the southern Caribbean Sea, located about 1,600 kilometres (990 mi) west of the main part of the Lesser Antilles and 29 kilometres (18 mi) north of the coast of Venezuela.
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